Lactiplantibacillus koreensis sp. nov. and Lactiplantibacillus kimchii sp. nov., isolated from kimchi, a traditional Korean fermented food

Two Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped, and non-motile lactic acid bacterial strains, designated as strains CBA3605T and CBA3606T, were isolated from kimchi, a traditional Korean fermented food. Both strains were oxidase- and catalase-negative, non-spore-forming, non-hemolytic, and non-gas-producing. Optimal growth conditions for the two strains were observed at 30°C, pH 5.0, and 0% NaCl. The two genomes were composed of a circular chromosome and three plasmids and the DNA G + C content of 43.0%, respectively. Strains CBA3605T and CBA3606T were most closely related to Lactiplantibacillus (Lp.) pingfangensis 382-1T with 16S rRNA sequence similarity of 99.4% and 99.1%, respectively. However, the orthologous average nucleotide identities between CBA3605T and CBA3606T were 91.7%, and those with strain 382-1T were 76.9% and 76.5%, respectively. Digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between CBA3605T and CBA3606T were 45.0%, and those with strain 382-1T were 21.4% and 21.0%, respectively. The major fatty acids detected in both strains included C16:0, C18:1 ω9c, and summed features 7 (C19:1 ω7c, C19:1 ω6c, C19:0 cyclo ω10c, and/or C19:0 ω6c). The peptidoglycan of both strains CBA3605T and CBA3606T contained meso-diaminopimelic acid and was classified as A4α type (L-Lys-D-Asp). In polar lipid analyses, only strain CBA3605T contained aminophosphoglycolipid, which was absent in CBA3606T, although both strains harbored same major polar lipids (diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylethanolamine). Based on phenotypic, phylogenetic, genomic, biochemical, and chemotaxonomic analyses, strains CBA3605T and CBA3606T represent two novel species of the genus Lactiplantibacillus, for which the names Lactiplantibacillus koreensis sp. nov. and Lactiplantibacillus kimchii sp. nov. are proposed, with CBA3605T (= KACC 81073BPT = JCM 37965T), and CBA3606T (= KACC 81074BPT = JCM 37966T) as the type strains.