Constructing integrated ICH–leisure corridors for cultural dissemination: a case study of Shaanxi along the Silk Road

Amid global cultural exchange and evolving national identity, intangible cultural heritage (ICH) has become a critical resource for shaping cultural image and regional development. As the starting point of the Silk Road, Shaanxi Province holds unique importance for ICH dissemination, requiring improved public accessibility and spatial interaction. This study proposes the construction of integrated ICH – recreation corridors to support the living transmission of Silk Road heritage. Using the MaxENT model, we identified environmentally suitable source areas for ICH and recreational services. These were connected through corridors generated with the Linkage Mapper and Minimum Cumulative Resistance (MCR) models. The spatial network was constructed and visualized in ArcMap. Results indicate: (1) significant spatial differentiation between ICH and recreational services; (2) enhanced spatial connectivity through composite corridors, particularly in the Guanzhong region; and (3) corridor routes largely pass through areas with strong cultural and ecological foundations, while other regions exhibit weak connectivity. Strengthening node linkages and improving functional integration are recommended to enhance overall network performance. This research provides spatial planning strategies for integrating cultural heritage and public services, offering practical pathways for ICH preservation and dissemination, and advancing the dynamic development of Silk Road culture in contemporary society.