Presentation of Breast Filariasis in a Lactating Female: A Case Report

Filariasis is a neglected tropical disease that rarely involves the breast. We report a rare case of breast filariasis in a 29-year-old lactating female who presented with a gradually enlarging, pruritic, and erythematous swelling in the left breast. Clinical examination revealed a firm, mobile mass in the upper inner quadrant, without nipple discharge or skin ulceration. Ultrasonography demonstrated a well-defined cystic lesion with echogenic linear structures exhibiting vigorous twirling movements- characteristic of the 'filarial dance sign.' Colour doppler imaging confirmed motion artefacts suggestive of live filarial infestation. Imaging, particularly real-time ultrasonography, was pivotal in diagnosis. Breast filariasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cystic breast lesions, particularly in endemic areas. Prompt diagnosis can prevent unnecessary interventions and guide effective antiparasitic therapy