Exploring the Potential and Challenges of Nanotechnology in the Treatment of Cervical Cancer: An Updated Review

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths among women in developing nations and the fourth most common type of cancer among women worldwide. The human papillomavirus (HPV), a virus related to the human immunodeficiency virus, is the primary cause of most cervical malignancies. Chemotherapy and surgery are the conventional methods of treatment widely used for this type of cancer. However, the side effects and drug resistance associated with the traditional approach need novel strategies to combat cancer without using any invasive techniques. Method: Nanotechnology is one such approach in science that provides a novel method for diagnosing and treating various diseases. Targeting the drugs directly to the desired site is the main benefit of nanotechnology. Result: Nanomaterials, like liposomes, dendrimers, metal and polymeric nanoparticles, quantum dots, nanomicelles, exosomes, etc., can be targeted directly to the affected region in sufficient concentration without causing systemic and organ toxicity. Discussion: Diagnosis of cancer using nanotechnology is fast, cheaper, and safer in comparison to chemical-based methods and radiotherapy. Conclusion: This article provides a comprehensive review of the application of nanotechnology in the treatment of cervical cancer. The advancement in the treatment of cervical cancer Using nanotechnology is explored along with the ongoing clinical trials.