Entecavir in Hepatitis B Treatment: A 25-Year Bibliometric Journey (2001-2025) Through Trends, Themes, and Therapeutic Advances

Background: Entecavir, a key antiviral agent for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B, has been the subject of significant scientific inquiry over the past two decades. Understanding the trajectory of research in this field can inform future directions and highlight gaps in the international response to hepatitis B. Objectives: This bibliometric study aims to assess the evolution of entecavir research from 2001 to 2025, analyzing trends in publication, collaborative networks, and thematic developments in the literature. Results: A total of 1165 English-language publications were retrieved from the Scopus database and analyzed using VOSviewer and Bibliometrix. Research output showed a progressive increase from just two publications in 2001 to a peak of 90 in 2016, followed by a gradual decline. The majority of contributions originated in Asia, with China (438 articles), South Korea (158), and Japan (95) leading the field, correlating with regional hepatitis B prevalence. Thematic clustering revealed the dominant research domains, comprising clinical efficacy and treatment outcomes, molecular mechanisms and pharmacodynamics, as well as comparative and emerging therapeutic strategies. Despite robust regional engagement, there was limited representation from other endemic areas. Conclusion: Entecavir research has undergone significant evolution, reflecting regional disease burdens and increasing scientific investment. Future efforts should aim to foster more international collaboration, target underrepresented populations, and conduct long-term comparative studies between entecavir and newer antiviral agents to enhance the global management of hepatitis B.