Enhanced mosquito sex separation using NaCl for optimised sterile insect technique and incompatible insect technique programmes

Accurate separation of sexes is pivotal for the success of Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) and Incompatible Insect Technique (IIT) mosquito control programmes. We present a novel approach utilising a 15% sodium chloride (NaCl) treatment coupled with an automated mechanical separation system to significantly reduce female contamination among released males. Our findings not only demonstrated a 30-fold reduction in female contamination rates but also offer insights into the effects of salinity on mosquito larvae and pupae. This integrated strategy enhances the efficiency of large-scale mosquito production for disease control programmes.