The association between restless legs syndrome and chronic venous insufficiency: a systematic review

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) and its association with venous disorders have garnered attention in medical literature. This systematic review aims to consolidate current evidence on the relationship between RLS and various venous pathologies, exploring potential mechanisms, interventions, and clinical implications. A comprehensive search of electronic databases identified relevant studies published up to January 2024. Inclusion criteria comprised studies investigating the association between RLS and venous disorders, encompassing a diverse range of methodologies. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed to ensure the robustness of the included studies. The systematic review included studies that explored associations between RLS and conditions such as superficial venous reflux, varicose veins, and chronic venous insufficiency. Findings from Dezube <i>et al</i>. and Pyne <i>et al</i>. indicated a positive correlation between RLS and superficial venous pathologies, with interventions such as superficial venous ablation and ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy showing promising outcomes. Sundaresan <i>et al</i>. extended the exploration to leg vein treatments, reporting improvements in RLS symptoms post-intervention. These results underscore the complexity of the relationship between RLS and venous disorders. The systematic review provides an overview of the current evidence on the association between RLS and various venous pathologies. The positive correlations observed in some studies suggest a potential role for addressing underlying venous pathology in managing RLS symptoms. However, the heterogeneity in study designs and outcomes calls for further research to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and refine targeted interventions.