Experimental Evaluation of Feedback Proportional–Integral Control for Improving the Efficiency and Sustainability of DFIG Systems in Renewable Energy Applications

This study investigates the effectiveness of a feedback-based proportional–integral (PI) regulator in the control system of a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used in wind energy applications, with a focus on enhancing the reliability and sustainability of renewable power generation. The primary objective is to assess how the feedback-based PI regulator can improve the efficiency and stability of rotor-side converter control, thereby ensuring consistent power quality and resilient operation under variable environmental and loading conditions. A novel experimental setup was developed by integrating a laboratory-scale DFIG system with real-time digital simulation tools, enabling a realistic assessment of dynamic performance. Various operating scenarios, including wind speed fluctuations and generator parameter variations, were analyzed to evaluate the regulator’s ability to minimize power ripples, ensure voltage stability, reduce total harmonic distortion (THD), and mitigate torque ripple—all of which contribute to more sustainable and efficient energy conversion. Comparative analyses using performance indicators such as power ripple, steady-state error, and overshoot demonstrate that the feedback-based PI regulator outperforms conventional control methods reported in the literature. The experimental results confirm that the proposed control strategy not only enhances dynamic performance and operational robustness but also contributes to the long-term sustainability of wind energy systems by improving energy efficiency, reducing losses, and supporting grid stability. Overall, this work promotes sustainability by advancing control techniques that optimize renewable energy utilization and strengthen the reliability of clean power technologies.