Assessing the role of physical activity in shaping students’ academic motivation: the mediating role of mental health

The consistent dominance of EM underscores the need for educational strategies that balance external incentives with opportunities to foster IM, emphasizing autonomy, competence, and personal growth. Additionally, the positive impact of running practice through MH on both types of motivation suggests that incorporating psychological support into regular PA programs can enhance student academic engagement and psychological wellbeing. The findings further suggest ways to meet the intrinsic needs of students to cultivate their internal desire to learn.