Synergistic Micro/Nano‐Bioactive Contaminants and Recalcitrant Associated Products Removal Enabled by Hierarchical Porous Platforms Integrating Physical Sieving and Chemical Degradation

Abstract Micro/nano‐bioactive contaminants (MNBCs) and their recalcitrant associated products (RAPs), characterized by their micro/nanoscale structures, conventional filtration processes are largely ineffective for their removal. To overcome this limitation, an porous agarose‐based active nanogel filtration system (PANF) is developed that enables the cascade interception and degradation of MNBCs along with their RAPs. The core innovation lies in synergistically integrating physical sieving with chemical oxidation. A hierarchically porous framework, constructed from an acid‐responsive template (ZIF‐8@Cu CDs), incorporates catalytic copper‐based carbon dots (Cu CDs) spatially ordered within the macro‐meso‐microporous gel. This structure mimics seeds in a lotus pod, with the Cu CDs serving as active sites for oxidative degradation, initiates a three‐stage purification cascade: 1) MNBCs and RAPs are retained through meso/macropore confinement; 2) captured pollutants are inactivated and decomposed via radical oxidation; 3) the degraded inactive protein fragments are autonomously discharged with the water flow, thereby establishing a self‐driven purification cycle that circumvents the biofilm clogging issue associated with traditional filter membranes. In practical applications, the system demonstrates high performance, with 93.3% inactivation of E. coli , 92.8% removal of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and degradation efficiencies of 89.2% and 94.2% for pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) and its capsid protein (CP), respectively.