A bibliometric analysis of sulfurized polyacrylonitrile batteries

Sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (SPAN) is one of the most promising carbon-based materials with the potential to produce safe and low-cost lithium batteries. Its structural stability and strong electrochemical performance make it a compelling candidate for next-generation energy storage systems. Since the first report of a SPAN cathode by Jiulin Wang et al. in 2002, research activity has expanded significantly, resulting in 597 publications over the past two decades. In this study, we present a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of SPAN-based battery research using data retrieved from the Scopus database. VOSviewer software was employed to visualize collaboration networks, keyword clusters, and citation patterns. The analysis covers temporal publication trends, leading countries and institutions, influential authors, and co-authorship structures. Additionally, a keyword co-occurrence analysis highlights research hotspots and emerging directions in SPAN development. Our findings reveal that China leads in publication output, while the United States and Singapore achieve the highest citation impact. Collaboration networks indicate that China serves as a global hub for SPAN research, maintaining strong ties with the United States, Germany, and Australia. Thematic mapping identifies cathode modification, electrolyte engineering, and solid-state integration as active and growing areas of investigation. This bibliometric study not only documents the evolution of SPAN-based battery research but also provides strategic insights for advancing the field.