Conulariids from the late Serpukhovian (Late Mississippian) carbonate deposits of NE Europe

The Late Mississippian (late Serpukhovian) conulariids are described from the deep carbonate platform facies of the northern Cis-Urals. The fossil assemblage also includes brachiopods, foraminifers, ostracods, conodonts, Sphenothallus (?), crinoids, and rare bryozoan and fish remains. Conulariid remains are represented by isolated rods and articulated thecae of Paraconularia aff. subulata (Hall). A carbon isotope study suggests that the conulariids were low-level consumers, likely feeding on seston.