The complete chloroplast genome of <i>Solanum lyratum</i> Thunberg (Solanaceae) and its phylogenetic analysis

The complete chloroplast genome of <i>Solanum lyratum</i> Thunberg was sequenced and analyzed, revealing a quadripartite structure with a total length of 155,870 base pairs. It comprises two regions with inverted repeat (IR) regions of 25,571 bp each, located between a large single-copy (LSC) region (86,319 bp) and a small single-copy (SSC) region (18,409 bp). Comprehensive genome annotation identified 128 functional genomic elements, consisting of 83 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA sequences, and 8 rRNA sequences, with a guanine-cytosine content of 37.8%. Maximum likelihood (ML) analysis based on 86 conserved protein-coding loci from 38 taxa revealed a robust phylogenetic relationship between <i>S. dulcamara</i> and <i>S. lyratum</i>, with maximum bootstrap support (100%) at the branch node. The genomic data elucidated chloroplast architecture and speciation mechanisms in <i>Solanum</i>, particularly in <i>S. lyratum</i>. These findings provide critical insights into taxonomic classification, phylogenetic investigations, and the development of species-specific molecular markers.