Biomechanical rational for development of cervical kyphosis deformity: a finite element analysis

The C2-C3 and C6-C7 segments are subjected to increased mechanical loads in straightened cervical alignment and kyphotic deformity, thereby increasing their susceptibility to facet joint degeneration. Furthermore, cervical kyphosis is associated with accelerated disc degeneration, with stress concentration predominantly occurring in the anterior regions of the discs. These findings provide biomechanical insights into the progression of cervical spinal deformities and may help guide clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies.