The Efficacy of Photobiomodulation in Tooth Repair and Regeneration: A Systematic Review of Randomised Controlled Trials in Animal Studies

The effectiveness of photobiomodulation (PBMT) in accelerating wound healing, reducing inflammation, and alleviating pain has been evidenced by its capacity to stimulate biological processes at the molecular level. Owing to its noninvasive characteristics and minimal adverse effects, it holds significant promise in modern dentistry practice. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of PBMT on tooth repair and regeneration in animal studies. Until February 2024, the research protocol was electronically searched in indexed databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. It was officially registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under the accession number CRD 42024586689. The study was evaluated thoroughly utilizing the Risk of Bias assessment formulated by SYRCLE. The systematic review began with a preliminary search of indexed computer databases, which resulted in 68899 manuscripts. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria and were integrated into the ensuing synthesis. All studies showed that PBMT enhances odontoblast differentiation, accelerates dentin formation, and promotes the healing process in animal models. However, the discrepancies in laser parameters and testing methodologies highlight the necessity for additional research to develop uniform protocols and assess the long-term effects of PBMT.