Ingles Association of body composition, growth, and maturation status with physical activity and adherence with mediterranean diet in youth triathletes: research protocol

Introduction: Triathlon combines swimming, cycling, and running. Performance is influenced by body composition, nutrition, physical activity, and biological maturation. Excess body fat has been linked to reduced performance, but due to the novelty of triathlon in youth, data on body composition are limited. During maturation, increased metabolic demands highlight the need for proper nutrition to support growth and recovery. In children and adolescents, adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with healthier habits and better quality of life. This study aims to determine whether physical activity and adherence to the Mediterranean diet influence body composition, growth, and maturation in young triathletes. Methodology: A six-year prospective analytical observational dynamic cohort study will be conducted with triathletes aged 5–17 from the Adesavi school (San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain). Body composition and biological maturation will be assessed using anthropometric measures. Dietary habits will be evaluated with the KIDMED test, and physical activity level with the APALQ test. Assessments will occur twice a year: pre-season and post-season. Expected Results: We expect to identify associations between adherence to the Mediterranean diet, physical activity, and outcomes like body composition, growth, and somatic maturation. Specifically, higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet and higher physical activity levels are expected to relate to lower fat mass, greater muscle mass, and more favorable maturation patterns. The findings may help tailor nutritional and training strategies for young athletes and provide valuable longitudinal data to support future interventions in youth endurance sports.