Zero-profile devices versus traditional cage-plate systems for geriatric osteoporotic patients with cervical degenerative disc disease: a retrospective analysis of 190 patients

Both ZPD and CPS were effective for geriatric osteoporotic patients. ZPD offered advantages in surgical efficiency and reduced dysphagia risk. However, ZPD was associated with a higher risk of subsidence and a lower 1-year fusion rate. Anti-osteoporotic treatment played a critical role in optimizing surgical outcomes. Further large-scale, prospective studies are needed to validate long-term outcomes and personalized patient selection.