Exploring the attitudes toward receiving information on potential negative effects of psychological treatments: A mixed-methods study

<b>ABSTRACT</b><b>Objective:</b> Potential negative effects of psychological treatments are recognized in research, yet the attitudes toward their disclosure during the informed consent procedure remain unexplored. This study examined individuals' perception of receiving such information, investigating the awareness regarding deterioration, non-response, and new symptoms, and how this knowledge affects willingness to initiate treatment. <b>Method:</b> A mixed-method approach was used in relation to an online survey of adults in Sweden (<i>N</i> = 500, 75.6% women, age <i>M</i> = 38.2), including both individuals with (76.6%) and without prior experience of psychological treatments. Descriptive statistics, <i>t</i>-tests, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation tests were conducted to explore factors that might affect the willingness to initiate treatment, while thematic analysis was employed for open-ended responses. <b>Results:</b> The majority (72%) of respondents favored being informed, emphasizing the importance of transparency, realistic expectations, and preparedness. Common concerns included increased anxiety and hesitation toward treatment. No variable was related to the willingness to initiate treatment. <b>Conclusion:</b> Most respondents preferred disclosure of potential negative effects. Clinicians should incorporate information about potential negative effects into the informed consent procedure, balancing risks and benefits and explain the nocebo effect, thereby enhancing patient engagement, trust, and willingness to engage in treatment.