Intellectual property management in family firms: a systematic literature review and future research directions

Purpose This study systematically reviews the state of knowledge of intellectual property (IP) management in family firms and identifies promising avenues for future research. Despite the growing importance of IP as a strategic resource, its integration into family business research remains fragmented and underdeveloped. Design/methodology/approach A systematic literature review of 75 peer-reviewed journal articles was conducted, using a transparent and structured approach. The analysis synthesizes the findings across six thematic areas: types of IP, IP portfolio strategies, value creation, cost considerations, risk management and organizational structure. It also incorporates contextual influences and outcome dimensions. Findings This review reveals that family firms tend to adopt a selective and control-oriented approach to IP portfolio management. While research on formal tools such as patents remains prominent, evidence suggests that family firms also rely on informal mechanisms such as secrecy, particularly when these align with long-term goals and the preservation of socioemotional wealth. Contextual factors, such as family involvement, firm resources and industry conditions, influence how family firms manage intellectual property. In turn, IP management practices influence outcomes related to innovation, financial performance and family-level goals. Originality/value This study consolidates a previously dispersed body of literature, providing the first comprehensive synthesis of IP management practices in family firms. It maps the conceptual landscape, identifies research gaps and proposes a detailed agenda to guide future research. This review offers both academic insights and practical implications for family firm stakeholders, aiming to leverage IP for innovation and sustained competitive advantage.