Global emissions and abundances of chemically and radiatively important trace gases from the AGAGE network
Abstract. Measurements from the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE) combined with a global 12-box model of the atmosphere have long been used to estimate global emissions and surface mean mole fraction trends of atmospheric trace gases. Here, we present annually updated estimates of these global emissions and mole fraction trends for 42 compounds through 2023 measured by the AGAGE network, including chlorofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen trifluoride, methane, nitrous oxide, and selected other compounds. The data sets are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15372480 (Western et al., 2025). We describe the methodology to derive global mole fraction and emissions trends, which includes the calculation of semihemispheric monthly mean mole fractions, the mechanics of the 12-box model and the inverse method that is used to estimate emissions from the observations and model. Finally, we present examples of the emissions and mole fraction data sets for the 42 compounds.
Authors
- Jens Mühle (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9776-3642)
- Ann R. Stavert (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4857-2134)
- Ronald G. Prinn (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5925-3801)
- Blagoj Mitrevski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7534-0083)
- Ray F. Weiss (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9551-7739)
- Luke M. Western (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0043-711X)
- Kieran Stanley (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3388-0932)
- Joseph Pitt (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8660-5136)
- Dickon Young (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6723-3138)
- R. L. Langenfelds (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4890-2049)
- Stefan Reimann (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9885-7138)
- Christina M. Harth (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0544-1932)
- Anita L. Ganesan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5715-8923)
- Chris Lunder (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7663-3192)
- Martin K. Vollmer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5569-9718)
- Ove Hermansen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7353-057X)
- Paul J. Fraser (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5951-6819)
- Jooil Kim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2610-4882)
- Zoë Loh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6424-1098)
- Ray H. J. Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1550-3239)
- Simon O’Doherty (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4051-6760)
- Paul B. Krummel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4884-3678)
- Matthew Rigby (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2020-9253)
- Roland Schmidt
- Peter K. Salameh
- B.O. Adam (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9060-0612)
Institutions
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere (AU)
- Georgia Institute of Technology (US)
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography (US)
- University of Bristol (GB)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Kjeller Innovasjon (Norway) (NO)
- Soft Imaging LLC (United States) (US)
- Institute for Sustainability (GB)
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (CH)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Earth system science data
- Published
- 2025-11-27
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6557-2025
- Citations
- 4
- Primary Topic
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 5.20