Integrated liquid biopsy model for predicting metastasis and guiding PD-1 therapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

The validated IBS model provides high-precision prediction of postoperative LNM risk in ESCC. It offers a novel framework (<b>"</b>tumor antigen burden-lymphangiogenesis-immune microenvironment<b>"</b>) for improving patient risk stratification, guiding adjuvant therapy decisions (including immunotherapy response prediction), and optimizing resource allocation, thereby potentially impacting ESCC management paradigms.