Psychological detachment and work–family balance: the moderating role of work model type and perceived fit

Purpose This study examines how psychological detachment from work relates to work–family balance and how this relationship is moderated by the type of work model (remote, hybrid and on-site) and employees’ perceived fit with their work modality. Design/methodology/approach Based on the conservation of resources theory, a cross-sectional survey was conducted with 373 Portuguese employees across various sectors. Validated measures of psychological detachment, perceived fit and work–family balance were used. Moderation effects were tested using PROCESS in SPSS. Findings Results show that psychological detachment significantly enhances work–family balance. Remote and hybrid work models are associated with higher levels of work–family balance than on-site work, although no significant differences were found in detachment levels across work models. Crucially, the perceived fit of the work model moderated the relationship: the positive effect of detachment was stronger when employees perceived the work model as adequate for their needs. Practical implications Organisations should support psychological recovery by creating conditions that promote detachment in all work models. Ensuring a good fit between employees and their work arrangements can amplify the benefits of detachment, improving well-being and reducing work–family conflict. Originality/value This study extends the understanding of how flexible work environments impact psychological recovery and highlights the role of perceived work model fit as a critical contextual resource. Findings offer practical insights for improving employee well-being in diverse work settings.