The durability of fibrous concrete with supplementary cementitious materials: a review

Purpose This study aims to explore the durability of fibrous concrete enhanced with natural, synthetic and hybrid fibers combined with supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). The primary goal is to evaluate the effects of these combinations on various durability properties, such as resistance to shrinkage, sulfate attack, water absorption, chloride ion diffusion and freeze-thaw damage, with a focus on enhancing concrete resilience. Design/methodology/approach A comprehensive review of studies conducted over the past decade was performed using academic journals, conference proceedings and online databases such as Google Scholar and ScienceDirect. The review emphasizes the durability enhancements achieved by fiber-SCM combinations, examining data on factors like fiber dosage, length, diameter, reinforcement percentages and details of the SCMs, including types like fly ash, slag and silica fume, along with their matrix compositions. The analysis explores the interdependence of these factors on concrete performance. Findings The combination of fibers and SCMs results in notable improvements in concrete durability, including significant reductions in water absorption and, chloride ion penetration. Natural fibers such as sisal, jute, banana and hemp, when paired with SCMs like fly ash and silica fume, enhance shrinkage control and sulfate resistance. Synthetic fibers, such as polypropylene, steel and polyester, effectively mitigate chloride ion penetration and reduce surface abrasion. Hybrid fiber systems, though underexplored, offer great potential for addressing complex environmental challenges in concrete performance. Originality/value This review provides a unique synthesis of the combined effects of natural, synthetic and hybrid fibers with SCMs on concrete durability. It emphasizes the importance of exploring new combinations of fiber types and dosages to optimize performance, particularly for sustainable, eco-friendly concrete solutions. Further research is required to develop standardized guidelines for optimal fiber-SCM combinations to ensure long-term durability and performance under extreme conditions.