Case Report: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy meets left ventricular hypertrabeculation: from mixed cardiomyopathy to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with hypertrabeculation

This case report describes a young male patient admitted due to worsening of heart failure with recurrent embolic events. He had previously been diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular systolic dysfunction at other hospitals and was treated irregularly with medications including a beta-blocker and diuretics. On this admission, echocardiography and cardiac MR examination revealed left ventricular myocardial non-compaction combined with HCM. The coexistence of left ventricular hypertrophy and hypertrabeculation is rare, and the diagnosis has been updated according to the newly issued European Society of Cardiology guidelines. The present report describes the clinical features, therapy, and outcome of this disease.