Dentin Hypersensitivity: A Comprehensive Review

Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a common clinical condition characterized by sharp, transient pain arising from exposed dentin in response to various external stimuli. Its multifactorial etiology involves dentin exposure due to enamel or cementum loss and open dentinal tubules that permit fluid movement, activating pulpal nerves. The hydrodynamic theory remains the most accepted explanation. Management strategies include preventive care, desensitizing agents, restorative materials, and advanced techniques such as laser therapy and biomimetic materials. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the etiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic methods, and therapeutic options for dentin hypersensitivity, emphasizing individualized patient-centered care for long-term success.