Tamarind seed gum stabilized palladium nanoparticles: monowave synthesis, characterization, anticancer, antioxidant, and catalytic activities

Monowave synthesis offers a green, cost-effective, and non-hazardous alternative for biomedical applications compared to conventional methods. This study highlights the eco-friendly synthesis of palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) using tamarind seed gum (TSG) as both a reducing and stabilizing agent, eliminating the need for toxic chemicals. The monowave-assisted green synthesis of PdNPs was confirmed through UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, and TEM analysis. TEM results revealed that most of the nanoparticles ranged in size from 9 to 12 nm. The formation of TSG-PdNPs was initially indicated by a color shift from yellow to black. The study further explores the antioxidant and anticancer properties of these green-synthesized PdNPs against MCF-7 cell lines and through DPPH radical scavenging assays. To evaluate their catalytic potential, the PdNPs were tested in an aqueous model electron-transfer reaction, reducing hexacyanoferrate (III) with borohydride ions. The observed rate constant for this reaction was k = 0.0934 min^-1.