Efficacy of levosimendan for acute decompensated heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in the elderly: a single-center retrospective analysis

For older patients with acute HFpEF combined with more comorbidities, although levosimendan may transiently improve hemodynamics and functional capacity in the acute phase, it fails to demonstrate long-term prognostic benefits. The clinical benefit of this drug may be limited to select patients, and its clinical application may lack cost-effectiveness for broader application.