Influence of Vine Shoot Waste and Its Derived Ash on the Properties of Cement Composites

The valorization of agricultural byproducts plays a critical role in advancing the circular economy. Vine cultivation produces significant amounts of biomass waste throughout the year, posing environmental challenges if left unmanaged. This study investigates the potential reuse of vine shoot waste and its derived ash as alternative components in cement-based materials. The properties of the composites containing 1% vine shoot waste or its derived ash incorporated in cement paste were comparatively assessed with those of cement paste prepared from Portland cement based on the Fourier-transform infrared spectra, X-ray diffraction patterns, scanning electron microscopy images, EDX elemental maps, and solid-state ²⁷Al and ²⁹Si nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and thermal analysis. Mechanical performance was assessed through flexural and compressive strength tests. The results confirm the potential of vine shoot waste use as a sustainable additive in cementitious materials and its contribution to reducing the environmental footprint of the cement industry.