Outcome of Retrograde Flexible URS in the Treatment of Renal Stones at Ibn Sina Teaching Hospital, Sirte, Libya

Renal stones, with a global prevalence of 10%, pose significant challenges, particularly when 2–3 centimeters in size, because of limitations of treatments like percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) using flexible ureterorenoscopy (F-URS) provides a minimally invasive alternative. To investigate the result of retrograde flexible URS in the management of renal stones (2–3 centimeters) at Ibn Sina Teaching Hospital, Sirte, Libya. This was prospective observational research carried out at Ibn Sina Teaching Hospital in Sirte, Libya. A total of ninety-seven consecutive cases with renal stones of 2-3 centimeters were enrolled in the research. All cases provided informed consent before the procedure, and the research was permitted by the institutional ethics committee. The mean age of cases was 48.7 ± 11.3 years (63.9% male). The mean size of the stone was 2.3 ± 0.3 centimeters, predominantly in the renal pelvis (42.3%). SFR was 68.04% after one session, 88.6% after two, and 94.8% after three. Mean operative time was 102.01 ± 34.69 minutes, and hospitalization was 2.5 ± 1.3 days. Complications included mild hematuria (12.4%), fever (8.2%) (Clavien Grade I), urinary tract infections (6.2%, Grade II), and sepsis (4.1%, Grade IV). RIRS is an effective, safe choice for 2–3 cm kidney stones, offering higher SFR and reduced complication rates than PCNL