Novel Concept of Assessing the Cost of Delivered and Non-Delivered Electricity by Deploying Mobile Electricity Storage Facilities

Due to the growing importance of ensuring energy security while using low-carbon sources of electricity, it is necessary to use energy storage technologies. However, sometimes it is not possible to use stationary battery energy storage systems. In such cases, mobile energy storage facilities are an alternative solution. This article presents a methodology for assessing the cost of delivering or not delivering energy to the end user when demand will be covered by mobile electricity storage facilities. It is proposed that financial compensation for the end user should depend on hourly revenues and a bonus coefficient. Next, the cost of delivering energy to the end user was minimized by changing the nominal capacity of the mobile energy storage battery and the number of vehicles, taking into account technical and spatial constraints. The results show that the average cost of delivering energy from mobile energy storage systems can vary from 0.4 EUR/kWh to even 184 EUR/kWh, with an average cost of 9.1 EUR/kWh. However, it should be emphasized that a fleet of vehicles with mobile energy storage facilities can only provide energy for a limited period of time. Out of all the simulations carried out, the best results were achieved for the 1 and 4 h power outages; the level of successful electricity provision was above 80%.