Correlation between CD4 serum and interleukin-10 expression in placenta of HIV-positive pregnant women receiving combined antiretroviral therapy

Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in pregnant women affects mothers' immune responses, with an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines.Cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) is one of the specific factors that can describe the immunity of HIV-infected patients.Low levels of interleukin (IL)-10 in placental serum disrupt prostaglandin balance, causing a massive inflammatory response.The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between CD4 serum and IL-10 expression in the placenta of HIV-infected pregnant women receiving combined antiretroviral therapy (ART). Material and methods:This cross-sectional study used a quantitative analytic approach, and was conducted at Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G.Ngoerah General Hospital Denpasar from May 2022 to