BIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF ZLATOSLAV VARIETY IN MOSCOW REGION

The study was conducted to determine the content of biologically active compounds in Zlatoslav variety of meadowsweet yarrow during different phenological stages to improve its cultivation technologies. The study subjects were mid-aged Zlatoslav meadowsweet yarrow plants cultivated in a field crop rotation. The work was carried out from 2022 to 2024 in Moscow region. Field experiments and biometric measurements were conducted according to methods accepted in medicinal plant growing. Essential oil content was determined by hydrodistillation in air-dried raw materials. Thin-layer chromatography and spectrophotometry were used to evaluate the composition and content of polyphenolic compounds in the meadowsweet yarrow herb during the budding and flowering phases. Spectrophotometry was used to quantify phenolic compounds. The total flavonoid content was estimated after a complexation reaction with aluminum chloride. Meadowsweet yarrow can be classified as a summer-flowering species. The period from onset of vegetation to mass fruiting is 130...145 days. The yield of herb, inflorescences and seeds varied slightly with a tendency to increase over the years, reaching maximum values in the fourth year of life (11.9±1.10 t/ha, 2.5±0.21 t/ha, and 221±20.8 kg/ha, respectively). The content of essential oil in the meadowsweet yarrow inflorescences remained stable, regardless of the age of plants and conditions of the year of observation. During the mass budding phase, it comprised 0.48-0.51% of the air-dried raw material and during the mass flowering phase, 0.66-0.68%. Meadowsweet yarrow inflorescences were characterized by a high content of phenolic compounds (up to 4.52%) and flavonoids (up to 1.83%). Cultivation of meadowsweet yarrow has several undeniable advantages. In Non-Chernozem zone of the Russian Federation, it produces significant biomass, is characterized by a simultaneous transition to budding and flowering and the essential oil content in the raw material is stable over the years. With rational land management, A. filipendulina may be in demand as a medicinal plant material for the production of polyphenols.