Indexation of the disposal fees and import quotas mechanisms: macroeconomic effects and impact on the agricultural machinery market

In the context of the modern development of the agro-industrial complex, Russia seeks to ensure technological and food security by introducing mechanisms regulating the import of agricultural machinery and stimulating its domestic production. The indexation of the recycling fee, effective from January 1, 2025, is accompanied by a multiple increase in coefficients, which in the long term affects the structure of the agricultural machinery market. A five-fold increase in the recycling fee (except for tractors with a capacity of up to 340 hp) and an annual indexation of 15% from 2026 to 2030 are aimed at reducing technological dependence and forming a sustainable industrial base within the country. The article analyzes the macroeconomic effects of the above measures and their impact on the pricing of agricultural machinery, the profitability of manufacturers and the dynamics of imports. The results of the study are presented, including a comparative review of cost indicators before and after the introduction of indexation, and the interaction of various market participants is considered. Based on the analysis conducted, the main trends and risks associated with pricing policy and investment activity of agricultural enterprises were identified, and recommendations were formulated for further improvement of the mechanism for indexing the recycling fee and import quotas.