Assessment of the impact of physical and geographical factors on the sustainable development of viticulture using GIS technologies

The article presents the results of comprehensive studies of the natural resource potential of the Krasnodar Territory and the Republic of Adygea using remote sensing data and modern digital technologies to identify promising grape-growing land plots and substantiate land management works for the sustainable development of viticulture in Russia. The analysis of theoretical and field studies allowed us to determine the main environmental criteria for the allocation of grape-growing lands. The methodological basis is the concept of physico-geographical zoning, the principles of ampeloecological research aimed at identifying and analyzing the influence of natural factors on determining the choice of justification for grape-growing lands. Based on a systematic geoinformation approach, a GIS-project of the physical and geographical conditions of the Krasnodar region has been developed, including geoinformation maps of the natural, territorial and soil zoning of the territory, a digital relief model with geomorphometric analysis, relational databases of meteorological indicators for 44 meteorological stations for a long-term period since 1871. by 2024, climatic GIS maps of meteorological indicators (various values of air and soil temperatures, precipitation, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind speed and direction), zones of promising grape-growing lands. Using cartometric functions of geoinformation analysis, the areas of the main relief elements and slopes of various expositions were calculated, and the territory was zoned according to the distribution of active air temperatures over the growing season (April-September) for the sustainable functioning of vineyards. The use of the GIS project allows: to optimize the choice of areas for the creation of new vineyards with favorable environmental conditions; to carry out scientific justification of the need for land management and reclamation works.; to develop an algorithm of design and technological solutions for the formation of highly productive ampelocenoses.