SELECTION OF OBJECTS FOR MONITORING TECHNICAL CONDITION OF SELF-PROPELLED AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY

Monitoring the technical condition of agricultural machinery, as a key element of maintenance and repair system, requires, in practice, identifying the structural components that should be prioritized for diagnostics. The purpose of this study is to develop and test a methodology for ranking the objects of condition monitoring of agricultural machinery based on a comprehensive indicator that takes into account a range of factors. This methodology utilizes a comprehensive approach, taking into account a range of factors, including the structural complexity of machines and technical, organizational and economic consequences of failures. An experiment was conducted to collect data on combine harvester failures during the 2024 spring wheat harvest in the fields of Omsk region. The observation included 31 combine harvesters of the following brands: NEW HOLLAND CX6090, KZS 1218 Polese, RSM-101 Vector 410, RSM-142 ACROS-550, RSM-142 ACROS-585, RSM-152 ACROS-595 PLUS. It was established that the greatest number of failures occurs in the header and pick-up (15.1%), the feeder chamber (13.4%) and the threshing mechanism (11.6%). At the same time, operational failures make up 54%, production failures – about 37% and design failures – 9%. According to the nature of manifestation, 76% are sudden, 5% are gradual and 19% are intermittent. According to the interrelationship, 71% of failures were classified as independent and 29% as dependent. It was found that the engine, chassis and electrical equipment account for approximately 60% of failures, but only 7 components, for which the average Pi value is 0.56, are subject to special monitoring. The reaping and threshing system accounts for 25% of failures, but the consequences are much more serious, and at least 10 components, with an average Pi value of 1.41, are subject to monitoring. The developed methodology can be applied as intelligent and digital technologies are increasingly used in maintenance and repair systems.