Understanding the microbiome of ornamental plants: A comprehensive note

Ornamental plants are linked with a number of microbes present in rhizosphere, phyllosphere and endophytic region. Different plants host distinct microbiome communities. Many of these microorganisms are beneficial but some of them are pathogenic also. Beneficial microorganisms are engaged in putrefaction of organic matter, nutrient mineralization, nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization and development of plant-growth hormones. They also help the plants in restricting the development of pathogenic organisms and to withstand against various biotic and abiotic stresses. This review presents an extensive literature search on microbes of ornamental plants. The knowledge of microbiome and its beneficial effect on ornamental plants will be helpful in development of microbial formulations for sustainable flower production which will further lessen the utilization of agrochemicals and maintain ecological balance. Studies on microbiome-based sustainable practices in ornamentals, though promising, are poorly understood.