Triazole‐Based Tricyclic Energetics: High Performance With Tuned Insensitivity
Developing energetic materials (EMs) that offer superior performance while minimizing sensitivity to external stimulation, acceptable thermal stability, and upholding higher environmental acceptability is a pressing need. We developed poly-nitro C-C bonded 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazole-based tricyclic EMs, combining high performance with safety. Among all, hexa-nitro compound 9 shows excellent detonation performance (detonation velocity [V<sub>D</sub>]: 8874 m s<sup>-1</sup>, detonation pressure [P]: 34.4 GPa) and moderate insensitivity (IS: 15 J), competing with RDX in terms of V<sub>D</sub> and sensitivity. Their energetic salts (5-7) exhibit moderate to excellent V<sub>D</sub> of 7787-8379 m s<sup>-1</sup>, P of 21.9-34.4 GPa, high thermal stability (190°C-194°C), and superior insensitivity (IS: 40 J, friction sensitivity [FS]: 360 N), surpassing TNT, offering next-generation explosives balancing energy, stability, and safety.
Authors
- Vikas D. Ghule (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0967-7777)
- Navaneet Kumar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4147-4811)
- Srinivas Dharavath (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0511-0607)
- Manojkumar Jujam (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9671-1151)
Institutions
- National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra (IN)
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Chemistry - An Asian Journal
- Published
- 2025-11-24
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/asia.70452
- Primary Topic
- Energetic Materials and Combustion
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00