Anti‐Inflammatory Jatrophane Diterpenoids With Multiple Chiral Carbon Centers From <scp> <i>Jatropha curcas</i> </scp>

Two previously undescribed jatrophane-type diterpenoids (1, 2) and 11 known compounds (3-13) were isolated from the whole plants of Jatropha curcas L. Their structures were elucidated using IR, HR-ESI-MS, 1D-, and 2D-NMR spectra, and the absolute configurations were established by ECD. The anti-inflammatory activity of these compounds was evaluated by inhibiting NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages, and compounds 5, 8-11, and 13 showed potent activity with IC₅₀ values ranging from 16.86 to 32.49 μM, which were comparable with that of the positive control l-NMMA (IC₅₀: 21.90 μM). The structure-activity relationships of jatrophane-type diterpenoids revealed that compounds 5 and 11 showed the most potent anti-inflammatory effects.