Trend analysis and future projections of global burden of opioid use disorder (OUD) from 1990 to 2030

The global burden of opioid use disorder (OUD) has continued to rise since 1990, mainly driven by population growth and epidemiological changes. Although age-standardized rates have remained stable or increased slightly, regional disparities persist, with the highest burden in high-SDI areas. Forecasts suggest modest increases in incidence and DALYs by 2030, underscoring the need for sustained, adaptive policies and preventive strategies to mitigate the evolving opioid crisis.