Sexual function and sexual quality of life in women affected by endometriosis and adenomyosis compared to healthy women

Adenomyosis and endometriosis are chronic gynecological disorders with overlapping mechanisms and symptoms, both linked to impaired sexual health and relationships. This study compared sexual function, sexual quality of life, and relationship satisfaction in affected women and healthy controls. This cross-sectional comparative study (2022-2023) included 90 women in three groups: endometriosis (n = 30), adenomyosis (n = 30), and healthy controls (n = 30), recruited from Jahrom University clinics in Iran. Participants completed the SQOL-F.FSFI, and RAS questionnaires. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and regression (SPSS 25, p < 0.05). Women with endometriosis (21.8 ± 3.8; 95% CI: 20.5-23.2; 19.3 ± 2.9; 95% CI: 18.3-20.4; 42.3 ± 8.9; 95% CI: 39.2-45.5) and adenomyosis (23.2 ± 4.6; 95% CI: 21.6-24.9; 19.3 ± 3.0; 95% CI: 18.2-20.4; 49.7 ± 11.0; 95% CI: 45.8-53.7) had significantly lower scores than controls (26.6 ± 4.8; 95% CI: 24.9-28.3; 22.2 ± 3.5; 95% CI: 20.9-23.4; 51.5 ± 12.3; 95% CI: 47.1-55.9; p < 0.0001). Univariate analysis showed sexual function, desire, and arousal were positive, and pain negative, predictors of sexual quality of life. Regression indicated marriage age and duration were negative, while spouse's age, sexual function, and relationship satisfaction were positive predictors, explaining 36.5% of variance.Endometriosis and adenomyosis significantly reduce sexual function and quality of life. Counseling and supportive care are recommended to address these challenges.