Efficacy and safety of adebrelimab plus bevacizumab in combination with hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy for advanced stage hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study

Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy using a combination of oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin (HAIC-FOLFOX) has shown promise for patients with advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combining adebrelimab (anti-PD-L1 antibody) and bevacizumab with HAIC-FOLFOX for HCC patients in BCLC stage C. This retrospective study included 32 untreated advanced-stage HCC patients receiving HAIC-FOLFOX combined with adebrelimab and bevacizumab as first-line therapy. The primary endpoint is overall response rate (ORR) based on the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1. From January 14th, 2024, to December 5th, 2024, a total of 32 patients received the triplet combination of HAIC-FOLFOX, adebrelimab, and bevacizumab. Median follow-up time was 6.1 months. According to RECIST v1.1 criteria, the confirmed ORR was 71.8% (95% CI: 55.4-88.3%), with a disease control rate (DCR) of 93.7% (95% CI: 84.9-99.9%). Only one case (3.1%) had a grade 3 treatment-related adverse event (rash), which could be alleviated after symptomatic management. The combination of adebrelimab, bevacizumab, and HAIC-FOLFOX demonstrated encouraging results and manageable safety concerns for patients with HCC at BCLC stage C.