Assessment of cholesterol-HDL-glucose index in anticipating risk of cardiometabolic diseases: a comparative study with triglyceride-glucose index

Prior studies have validated a novel index, designated as the cholesterol-HDL-glucose (CHG) index, which has emerged as a promising biological marker for abnormalities in lipid metabolism and insulin resistance. At present, however, there is an absence of data demonstrating its capacity to predict the risk of CMD. The objective of this study is to evaluate the comparative efficacy of the CHG index and the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index in predicting cardiovascular metabolic disease (CMD) risk. This study was conducted on a cohort of 6471 participants from CHARLS. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed using R software, utilizing restricted cubic spline techniques to evaluate the dose-response relationship. The evaluation of predictive performance was carried out through the use of receiver operating characteristic curves. To quantify the improvements in predictive capability, two important indices were calculated: Net Reclassification Improvement and Integrated Discrimination Improvement were used to assess the enhancements in our predictive models. Finally, a sensitivity analysis was conducted. An increase in each unit of CHG and TyG was associated with a 83% and 46% rise in the risk of CMD, respectively. The occurrence of CMD in the highest quartile for the CHG index (OR = 1.69, 95% CI 1.42-2.00) increased by 69%, while the TyG index (OR = 1.61, 95% CI 1.36-1.92) exhibited an increase of 61%. A linear correlation was identified between the two indices and the risk of CMD. The predictive capabilities and incremental predictive value of both indices were found to be analogous. The CHG index exhibited a substantial linear positive correlation with CMD, demonstrating assessment capabilities for CMD risk that were analogous to those of the TyG index.