Characterization of gut microbiome dysbiosis in calcium oxalate stone patients with comorbid metabolic syndrome

Patients with calcium oxalate stone and metabolic syndrome exhibit a "double imbalance" in gut microbiota: on the one hand, the reduced diversity of the microbiota and the decrease of SCFAs-producing microbiota weakened the metabolic protective effect of the gut microbiota; on the other hand, the enrichment of pro-inflammatory and pathogenic bacteria exacerbated metabolic disorders and inflammatory reactions. The present study reveals that gut microbiota play a role in the mechanism of metabolic syndrome promoting calcium oxalate stone formation, and these findings provide a theoretical basis for the use of probiotics to prevent calcium oxalate stone.