Measurements of the cross sections of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>e</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:msup> <mml:mro

Based on <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <a:msup> <a:mi>e</a:mi> <a:mo>+</a:mo> </a:msup> <a:msup> <a:mi>e</a:mi> <a:mo>−</a:mo> </a:msup> </a:math> annihilation data collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, searches for the <c:math xmlns:c="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <c:msup> <c:mi>e</c:mi> <c:mo>+</c:mo> </c:msup> <c:msup> <c:mi>e</c:mi> <c:mo>−</c:mo> </c:msup> <c:mo stretchy="false">→</c:mo> <c:msub> <c:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</c:mi> <c:mi>c</c:mi> </c:msub> <c:msub> <c:mover accent="true"> <c:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</c:mi> <c:mo stretchy="false">¯</c:mo> </c:mover> <c:mi>c</c:mi> </c:msub> </c:math> ( <j:math xmlns:j="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <j:msubsup> <j:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</j:mi> <j:mi>c</j:mi> <j:mo>+</j:mo> </j:msubsup> <j:msubsup> <j:mover accent="true"> <j:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</j:mi> <j:mo stretchy="false">¯</j:mo> </j:mover> <j:mi>c</j:mi> <j:mo>−</j:mo> </j:msubsup> </j:math> , <p:math xmlns:p="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <p:mrow> <p:msubsup> <p:mrow> <p:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</p:mi> </p:mrow> <p:mrow> <p:mi>c</p:mi> </p:mrow> <p:mrow> <p:mn>0</p:mn> </p:mrow> </p:msubsup> <p:msubsup> <p:mrow> <p:mover accent="true"> <p:mrow> <p:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</p:mi> </p:mrow> <p:mrow> <p:mo stretchy="false">¯</p:mo> </p:mrow> </p:mover> </p:mrow> <p:mrow> <p:mi>c</p:mi> </p:mrow> <p:mrow> <p:mn>0</p:mn> </p:mrow> </p:msubsup> </p:mrow> </p:math> , and <v:math xmlns:v="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <v:mrow> <v:msubsup> <v:mrow> <v:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</v:mi> </v:mrow> <v:mrow> <v:mi>c</v:mi> </v:mrow> <v:mrow> <v:mo>+</v:mo> <v:mo>+</v:mo> </v:mrow> </v:msubsup> <v:msubsup> <v:mrow> <v:mover accent="true"> <v:mrow> <v:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</v:mi> </v:mrow> <v:mrow> <v:mo stretchy="false">¯</v:mo> </v:mrow> </v:mover> </v:mrow> <v:mrow> <v:mi>c</v:mi> </v:mrow> <v:mrow> <v:mo>−</v:mo> <v:mo>−</v:mo> </v:mrow> </v:msubsup> </v:mrow> </v:math> ) processes, as well as for the process <bb:math xmlns:bb="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <bb:msup> <bb:mi>e</bb:mi> <bb:mo>+</bb:mo> </bb:msup> <bb:msup> <bb:mi>e</bb:mi> <bb:mo>−</bb:mo> </bb:msup> <bb:mo stretchy="false">→</bb:mo> <bb:msubsup> <bb:mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</bb:mi> <bb:mi>c</bb:mi> <bb:mo>+</bb:mo> </bb:msubsup> <bb:msubsup> <bb:mover accent="true"> <bb:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</bb:mi> <bb:mo stretchy="false">¯</bb:mo> </bb:mover> <bb:mi>c</bb:mi> <bb:mo>−</bb:mo> </bb:msubsup> </bb:math> , are conducted for the first time at <ib:math xmlns:ib="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <ib:msqrt> <ib:mi>s</ib:mi> </ib:msqrt> <ib:mo>=</ib:mo> <ib:mn>4.750</ib:mn> </ib:math> , 4.781, 4.843, 4.918, and 4.951 GeV. As no signals are observed for all the above channels, the upper limits on their Born cross sections at the 90% confidence level are reported. The obtained upper limits of cross sections for <kb:math xmlns:kb="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <kb:msup> <kb:mi>e</kb:mi> <kb:mo>+</kb:mo> </kb:msup> <kb:msup> <kb:mi>e</kb:mi> <kb:mo>−</kb:mo> </kb:msup> <kb:mo stretchy="false">→</kb:mo> <kb:msub> <kb:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</kb:mi> <kb:mi>c</kb:mi> </kb:msub> <kb:msub> <kb:mover accent="true"> <kb:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</kb:mi> <kb:mo stretchy="false">¯</kb:mo> </kb:mover> <kb:mi>c</kb:mi> </kb:msub> </kb:math> are more than 2 orders of magnitude smaller than those for <rb:math xmlns:rb="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <rb:msup> <rb:mi>e</rb:mi> <rb:mo>+</rb:mo> </rb:msup> <rb:msup> <rb:mi>e</rb:mi> <rb:mo>−</rb:mo> </rb:msup> <rb:mo stretchy="false">→</rb:mo> <rb:msubsup> <rb:mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</rb:mi> <rb:mi>c</rb:mi> <rb:mo>+</rb:mo> </rb:msubsup> <rb:msubsup> <rb:mover accent="true"> <rb:mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</rb:mi> <rb:mo stretchy="false">¯</rb:mo> </rb:mover> <rb:mi>c</rb:mi> <rb:mo>−</rb:mo> </rb:msubsup> </rb:math> near the threshold. In contrast, such suppression is absent in hyperon pair production ( <yb:math xmlns:yb="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <yb:msup> <yb:mi>e</yb:mi> <yb:mo>+</yb:mo> </yb:msup> <yb:msup> <yb:mi>e</yb:mi> <yb:mo>−</yb:mo> </yb:msup> <yb:mo stretchy="false">→</yb:mo> <yb:mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</yb:mi> <yb:mover accent="true"> <yb:mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</yb:mi> <yb:mo stretchy="false">¯</yb:mo> </yb:mover> </yb:math> and <fc:math xmlns:fc="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <fc:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</fc:mi> <fc:mover accent="true"> <fc:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ<

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Journal
Physical review. D/Physical review. D.
Published
2025-11-25
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1103/bjr6-rrdc
Primary Topic
Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
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article
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article

Measurements of the cross sections of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>e</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:msup> <mml:mro

D. H. Zhang, X. Y. Liu, Q. M. Li, H. N. Li et al.
Physical review. D/Physical review. D.
Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
article

Measurements of the cross sections of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>e</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:msup> <mml:mro

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Abstract

Based on <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <a:msup> <a:mi>e</a:mi> <a:mo>+</a:mo> </a:msup> <a:msup> <a:mi>e</a:mi> <a:mo>−</a:mo> </a:msup> </a:math> annihilation data collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, searches for the <c:math xmlns:c="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <c:msup> <c:mi>e</c:mi> <c:mo>+</c:mo> </c:msup> <c:msup> <c:mi>e</c:mi> <c:mo>−</c:mo> </c:msup> <c:mo stretchy="false">→</c:mo> <c:msub> <c:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</c:mi> <c:mi>c</c:mi> </c:msub> <c:msub> <c:mover accent="true"> <c:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</c:mi> <c:mo stretchy="false">¯</c:mo> </c:mover> <c:mi>c</c:mi> </c:msub> </c:math> ( <j:math xmlns:j="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <j:msubsup> <j:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</j:mi> <j:mi>c</j:mi> <j:mo>+</j:mo> </j:msubsup> <j:msubsup> <j:mover accent="true"> <j:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</j:mi> <j:mo stretchy="false">¯</j:mo> </j:mover> <j:mi>c</j:mi> <j:mo>−</j:mo> </j:msubsup> </j:math> , <p:math xmlns:p="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <p:mrow> <p:msubsup> <p:mrow> <p:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</p:mi> </p:mrow> <p:mrow> <p:mi>c</p:mi> </p:mrow> <p:mrow> <p:mn>0</p:mn> </p:mrow> </p:msubsup> <p:msubsup> <p:mrow> <p:mover accent="true"> <p:mrow> <p:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</p:mi> </p:mrow> <p:mrow> <p:mo stretchy="false">¯</p:mo> </p:mrow> </p:mover> </p:mrow> <p:mrow> <p:mi>c</p:mi> </p:mrow> <p:mrow> <p:mn>0</p:mn> </p:mrow> </p:msubsup> </p:mrow> </p:math> , and <v:math xmlns:v="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <v:mrow> <v:msubsup> <v:mrow> <v:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</v:mi> </v:mrow> <v:mrow> <v:mi>c</v:mi> </v:mrow> <v:mrow> <v:mo>+</v:mo> <v:mo>+</v:mo> </v:mrow> </v:msubsup> <v:msubsup> <v:mrow> <v:mover accent="true"> <v:mrow> <v:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</v:mi> </v:mrow> <v:mrow> <v:mo stretchy="false">¯</v:mo> </v:mrow> </v:mover> </v:mrow> <v:mrow> <v:mi>c</v:mi> </v:mrow> <v:mrow> <v:mo>−</v:mo> <v:mo>−</v:mo> </v:mrow> </v:msubsup> </v:mrow> </v:math> ) processes, as well as for the process <bb:math xmlns:bb="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <bb:msup> <bb:mi>e</bb:mi> <bb:mo>+</bb:mo> </bb:msup> <bb:msup> <bb:mi>e</bb:mi> <bb:mo>−</bb:mo> </bb:msup> <bb:mo stretchy="false">→</bb:mo> <bb:msubsup> <bb:mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</bb:mi> <bb:mi>c</bb:mi> <bb:mo>+</bb:mo> </bb:msubsup> <bb:msubsup> <bb:mover accent="true"> <bb:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</bb:mi> <bb:mo stretchy="false">¯</bb:mo> </bb:mover> <bb:mi>c</bb:mi> <bb:mo>−</bb:mo> </bb:msubsup> </bb:math> , are conducted for the first time at <ib:math xmlns:ib="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <ib:msqrt> <ib:mi>s</ib:mi> </ib:msqrt> <ib:mo>=</ib:mo> <ib:mn>4.750</ib:mn> </ib:math> , 4.781, 4.843, 4.918, and 4.951 GeV. As no signals are observed for all the above channels, the upper limits on their Born cross sections at the 90% confidence level are reported. The obtained upper limits of cross sections for <kb:math xmlns:kb="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <kb:msup> <kb:mi>e</kb:mi> <kb:mo>+</kb:mo> </kb:msup> <kb:msup> <kb:mi>e</kb:mi> <kb:mo>−</kb:mo> </kb:msup> <kb:mo stretchy="false">→</kb:mo> <kb:msub> <kb:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</kb:mi> <kb:mi>c</kb:mi> </kb:msub> <kb:msub> <kb:mover accent="true"> <kb:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</kb:mi> <kb:mo stretchy="false">¯</kb:mo> </kb:mover> <kb:mi>c</kb:mi> </kb:msub> </kb:math> are more than 2 orders of magnitude smaller than those for <rb:math xmlns:rb="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <rb:msup> <rb:mi>e</rb:mi> <rb:mo>+</rb:mo> </rb:msup> <rb:msup> <rb:mi>e</rb:mi> <rb:mo>−</rb:mo> </rb:msup> <rb:mo stretchy="false">→</rb:mo> <rb:msubsup> <rb:mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</rb:mi> <rb:mi>c</rb:mi> <rb:mo>+</rb:mo> </rb:msubsup> <rb:msubsup> <rb:mover accent="true"> <rb:mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</rb:mi> <rb:mo stretchy="false">¯</rb:mo> </rb:mover> <rb:mi>c</rb:mi> <rb:mo>−</rb:mo> </rb:msubsup> </rb:math> near the threshold. In contrast, such suppression is absent in hyperon pair production ( <yb:math xmlns:yb="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <yb:msup> <yb:mi>e</yb:mi> <yb:mo>+</yb:mo> </yb:msup> <yb:msup> <yb:mi>e</yb:mi> <yb:mo>−</yb:mo> </yb:msup> <yb:mo stretchy="false">→</yb:mo> <yb:mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</yb:mi> <yb:mover accent="true"> <yb:mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</yb:mi> <yb:mo stretchy="false">¯</yb:mo> </yb:mover> </yb:math> and <fc:math xmlns:fc="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <fc:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</fc:mi> <fc:mover accent="true"> <fc:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ<

Physical review. D/Physical review. D.Vol. 112(9)
University of Science and Technology Liaoning (CN), University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa (US), Liaoning University (CN), Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro” (IT), Uppsala University (SE), University of Science and Technology of China (CN), University of Hawaii System (US), Mongolian Academy of Sciences (MN), Central South University (CN), Guangxi University (CN), Nanjing Normal University (CN), Liaoning Normal University (CN), North China Electric Power University (CN), Shandong University (CN), Sun Yat-sen University (CN), COMSATS University Islamabad (PK), Hangzhou Normal University (CN), Hunan University (CN), Henan University of Science and Technology (CN), University of Groningen (NL), GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research (DE), University of the Punjab (PK), Hunan Normal University (CN), Henan University (CN), Shanxi University (CN), Shanghai Jiao Tong University (CN), Yantai University (CN), University of Tarapacá (CL), Guangxi University of Science and Technology (CN), South China Normal University (CN), Yunnan University (CN), Jilin University (CN), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE), Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (DE), University of Ferrara (IT), Qufu Normal University (CN), Peking University (CN), Nankai University (CN), University of Münster (DE), Sichuan University (CN), Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IN), Fudan University (CN), Inner Mongolia University (CN), University of Perugia (IT), Shandong Normal University (CN), University of Manchester (GB), Guangxi Normal University (CN), China University of Geosciences (CN), Huangshan University (CN), Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (RU), University of Jinan (CN), Henan University of Technology (CN), University of Bristol (GB), Wuhan University (CN), Zhengzhou University (CN), Soochow University (CN), University of Oxford (GB), Central China Normal University (CN), National Centre for Nuclear Research (PL), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Ferrara (IT), Helmholtz Institute Mainz (DE), Indiana University Bloomington (US), Istinye University (TR), Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RU), Institute of Modern Physics (CN), Jilin Medical University (CN), Institute of High Energy Physics (CN), Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (CN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (IT), Piedmont University (US), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia (IT), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN), Hebei University (CN), Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (RU), China Center of Advanced Science and Technology (CN), University of Turin (IT), Indiana University (US), Chung-Ang University (KR), Near East University (CY), Carnegie Mellon University (US), Henan Normal University (CN), Zhejiang University (CN), Lanzhou University (CN), Southeast University (CN), Renmin University of China (CN), Suranaree University of Technology (TH), Beihang University (CN), Nanjing University (CN), Ruhr University Bochum (DE), University of South China (CN), Shanxi Normal University (CN), Tsinghua University (CN)
U.S. Department of Energy, Strong, National Research Foundation, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Research Foundation of Korea, Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse, Vetenskapsrådet, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Institute of High Energy Physics
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