Intelligent Biosensors Based on Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels for Monitoring Chronic Wound Healing with the Involvement of Artificial Intelligence

Chronic wounds, such as those caused by diabetes, burns, and pressure ulcers, pose significant healthcare challenges due to their slow healing and potential for infections. Traditional methods for monitoring wound healing are often intrusive, slow, and lack real-time data. To overcome these limitations, innovative biosensors using hyaluronic acid hydrogels have emerged as a promising solution. As a non-intrusive, biocompatible platform, these biosensors can track pH, glucose levels, inflammatory proteins, and other key biomarkers as wounds heal. With the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), they enable personalized treatment adjustments and early complication detection through real-time data analysis and predictive modeling. This review discusses the recent progress of hyaluronic acid hydrogel biosensors for long-term wound healing, evaluating their strengths, challenges, and potential future improvements. This work aims to enhance chronic wound management and improve multiple clinical outcomes by focusing on the intersection of biomaterial innovation and AI.