Cyclicity and iterated logarithms in the Dirichlet space
Let <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper D left-parenthesis mu right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi> μ </mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">D(\mu )</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> denote a superharmonically weighted Dirichlet space on the unit disc <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="double-struck upper D"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi mathvariant="double-struck">D</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\mathbb {D}</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> . We show that outer functions <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f element-of upper D left-parenthesis mu right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mo> ∈ </mml:mo> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi> μ </mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">f\in D(\mu )</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> are cyclic in <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper D left-parenthesis mu right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi> μ </mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">D(\mu )</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> , whenever <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="log f"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>log</mml:mi> <mml:mo> </mml:mo> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\log f</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> belongs to the Pick-Smirnov class <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper N Superscript plus Baseline left-parenthesis upper D left-parenthesis mu right-parenthesis right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi> μ </mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">N^+(D(\mu ))</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> . If <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">f</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> has <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper H Superscript normal infinity"> <mml:semantics> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal"> ∞ </mml:mi> </mml:msup> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">H^\infty</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> -norm less than or equal to 1, then cyclicity can also be checked via iterated logarithms. For example, we show that such outer functions <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">f</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> are cyclic, whenever <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="log left-parenthesis 1 plus log left-parenthesis 1 slash f right-parenthesis right-parenthesis element-of upper N Superscript plus Baseline left-parenthesis upper D left-parenthesis mu right-parenthesis right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>log</mml:mi> <mml:mo> </mml:mo> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>log</mml:mi> <mml:mo> </mml:mo> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> <mml:mo> ∈ </mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi> μ </mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\log (1+ \log (1/f))\in N^+(D(\mu ))</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> . This condition can be checked by verifying that <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml">
Authors
- Stefan Richter (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1188-8589)
- Alexandru Aleman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7394-1192)
Institutions
- Lund University (SE)
- University of Tennessee at Knoxville (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society
- Published
- 2025-11-25
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1090/proc/17461
- Primary Topic
- Holomorphic and Operator Theory
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00