Malignant and metastatic giant cell tumors of bone; clinical course of primary or secondary malignant and pulmonary metastatic variants
Three aggressive GCTB variants were identified: benign pulmonary metastatic GCTB, PM-GCTB, and secondary malignant transformation. SM-GCTB and osteosarcoma arise from benign GCTB but differ in morphology and prognosis. Because malignant transformation is exceptionally rare and symptomatic, a patient-centered, symptom-driven follow-up strategy is preferred over routine lifelong radiologic surveillance.
Authors
- Vaiyapuri P. Sumathi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1176-4685)
- Gitte G.J. Krebbekx (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5634-9736)
- Mylène J.C. Duivenvoorden
- Scott Evans (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7566-3253)
- Floortje G. M. Verspoor (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8027-5888)
Institutions
- Royal Orthopaedic Hospital (GB)
- Amsterdam Neuroscience (NL)
- NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre (GB)
- Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences (NL)
- University of Amsterdam (NL)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of bone oncology
- Published
- 2025-11-25
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbo.2025.100728
- Citations
- 2
- Primary Topic
- Bone Tumor Diagnosis and Treatments
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 3.34