The Lamé Equation on a Circle and Applications to Singular Limit Eigenvalue Problems
Let <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∈</mml:mo> <mml:mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mo>…</mml:mo> <mml:mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mml:mo> </mml:math> , <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>ℓ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∈</mml:mo> <mml:mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mml:mo> </mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mo><</mml:mo> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mo><</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:math> . We are concerned with the eigenvalues of the Lamé equation of the form <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mtable columnalign="right left right left right left right left right left right left" columnspacing="0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em" displaystyle="true" rowspacing="3pt"> <mml:mtr> <mml:mtd> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>ϕ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>″</mml:mo> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>ℓ</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>ℓ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>{</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>e</mml:mi> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>sn</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> <mml:mspace width="0.2em"/> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>}</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>ϕ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>ϕ</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>for</mml:mtext> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∈</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> </mml:mtd> </mml:mtr> </mml:mtable> </mml:math> where <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>e</mml:mi> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>:=</mml:mo> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:math> is a constant, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>sn</mml:mi> <mml:mspace width="0.2em"/> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:math> denotes Jacobi’s elliptic function and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:math> denotes the complete elliptic integral of the first kind. Using integral representations of two independent solutions, we obtain exact expressions of all eigenvalues and establish asymptotic formulas for all eigenvalues as <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">→</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:math> . It is known that the Lamé equation appears as a linearized eigenvalue problem of important semilinear elliptic equations including the Allen–Cahn equation, a scalar field equation and the sine-Poisson equation. We also establish asymptotic formulas for the eigenvalues of the linearization of various boundary value problems of semilinear elliptic equations.
Authors
- Tohru Wakasa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1016-0804)
- Yasuhito Miyamoto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7766-1849)
- Kouichi Takemura (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6196-0994)
Institutions
- Kyushu Institute of Technology (JP)
- Ochanomizu University (JP)
- The University of Tokyo (JP)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Asymptotic Analysis
- Published
- 2025-11-25
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1177/09217134251390057
- Primary Topic
- Advanced Differential Equations and Dynamical Systems
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00