Risk of adverse events from medication errors in general and tertiary hospitals: A cross-sectional design

These findings highlight the need for tailored interventions based on hospital type, location, temporal factors, and patient characteristics. Developing department-specific safety strategies for high-acuity care environments, optimizing staffing patterns particularly during night shifts, implementing age-specific medication management protocols, and continuously improving safety systems are essential to prevent medication errors, enhance patient safety, and improve healthcare outcomes.