Custom-Fit: The Growing Role of 3D Printing in Orbital Reconstruction

The orbit's complex, pyramidal 3D structure makes reconstruction a significant surgical challenge. Restoring anatomical accuracy and functional volume with hand-bent titanium plates is often a test of approximation. However, the last decade has seen a paradigm shift. The integration of computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), specifically 3D printing, is moving orbital surgery from an art of estimation to a science of precision.